Showing posts with label Citizens Contract Oversight Committee. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Citizens Contract Oversight Committee. Show all posts

Friday, May 20, 2016

Capital plan comments; $14.9 billion Capital Plan and Contracts amounting to millions approved by PEP without discussion or debate

The below comments expressing our concerns with the five year capital plan were sent to the members of the Panel for Educational Policy on May 17.  A good article about some of the flaws in the Plan and the entire school planning process was published by DNA Info here.
Sabina Omerhodzic of CEC 30 also attended the hearing at the May 18 PEP meeting at Long Island City HS, and made an eloquent speech about the inadequacy of the capital plan.  Nevertheless, the $14.9 billion five-year plan was unanimously approved by the Panel members, without a single question or comment.

The same was true of the proposed contracts, about which Patrick Sullivan and I submitted many questions and serious concerns  on behalf of the Citizens Contract Oversight Committee, well before the hearing.  Every contract on the list, totaling millions of dollars,  was unanimously approved without any discussion or debate.

Comments on March 2016 Capital Plan by Leonie Haimson

Monday, May 16, 2016

Problems with DOE Contracts including lack of information on vendors or those with problematic records and unanswered questions re E-rate consent decreee and Amplify


Leonie Haimson and Patrick Sullivan of the Citizens Contracts Oversight Committee provided the following comments to the members of the Panel for Educational Policy on the proposed DOE contracts to be voted on May 18, 2016

If you would like to join our oversight committee, please email us at NYCschoolcontractwatch@gmail.com. Those interested in sending the PEP their own comments can do so by May 17, 2016 at 6:00 PM. Their email addresses are here;

panel@schools.nyc.govfbaptiste@schools.nyc.govecleveland@schools.nyc.govvleung@schools.nyc.govlpodvesker@schools.nyc.gov, lzingmond@schools.nyc.govICarmignani@schools.nyc.govddillingham@schools.nyc.govkpaynehanks@schools.nyc.govmzorrillaaristy@schools.nyc.govbshuldiner@schools.nyc.govGLinnen@schools.nyc.gov


Comments on DOE Contracts due to be voted on May 18, 2016


5/15/16

Submitted by Leonie Haimson and Patrick Sullivan on behalf of the Citizens Contract Oversight Committee  

Contact: NYCschoolcontractwatch@gmail.com

As you can see from our comments below, we continue to find problems with the many non-transparent proposed contracts, with no vendor names or amounts listed, with several preK and special education contracts to be awarded vendors with spotty backgrounds, and the proliferation of professional development contracts with unclear value. 

We also have unresolved questions about DOE’s compliance with the E-rate consent decree as well as with the proposed contract with Amplify for Core Knowledge.

Continued lack of transparency with PreK contracts

Items #2, 3, 4, 14, 19, 22 (pp.6-8, 62, 76, 83): There are serious issues with the practice of withholding full information about the preK contracts, which appears to violate the promise made by DOE to CM Rosenthal and others, after it was determined the inflated contract with Computer Consultant Specialists contract would be rejected by City Hall, after the PEP had approved it. 

At that time, the DOE promised that full information would be provided to the public about every proposed contract at least a month before the PEP vote. See the Juan Gonzalez column about the Lanham scandal, dated December 23, 2015:

“Tweed will even post information on all bids on its website 30 days before the scheduled vote by the panel, and has committed to do the same with other contracts.”

This lack of transparency could also serve to obscure that some of these vendors may have engaged in problematic activities.  In addition, no information is made available on Item #22, including its cost: “Amend contracts to provide Pre-K for All certified lead teacher incentives” and about Item #14: “Addendum to UPK Contracts (Close outs).”  For what reason are these amounts unavailable?

See also Item #4 – to provide funds for preK in charter schools. These charter schools should be identified in advance -- especially as some have been shown to engage in abusive disciplinary and push-out practices.

Problems with Special Education provider contracts

Item #5 (p. 9): These contracts are for services for students with special needs. They're retroactive but no justification is offered for why they're being approved after the services have begun. The DOE notes there is a "very competitive market" to provide these services, which make it even more confusing why they seek to contract with so many vendors who have problematic backgrounds.

This is especially true of Yeled v'Yalda Early Childhood Services for counseling, physical therapy and occupational therapy in English and Yiddish across all boroughs. This firm had serious negative audit findings in a report released by the State Comptroller just a few months ago, including submission of fraudulent expenses. See the NY Post article here and the full audit here.

Moreover the RA omits any information about the audit -- despite claiming otherwise:

"Comprehensive background checks were completed for all vendors whose contracts have estimated amounts exceeding $1 million over three years. While the background checks have not been completed for all vendors, no contract will be submitted to the Comptroller for registration until the background check is complete. Should noteworthy information become known to the DOE after the Panel meeting, it will be reported to the Panel."

But what difference does it make to let the Panel know after they have approved the contract already?  Then there is the following statement, which seems to contradict the one above, unless they  mean "more than $1 million" instead of less:

"For the background checks completed for vendors awarded contracts less than $1 million, Mayor’s Office of Contract Services’ advice of Caution database, DOE files and Vendex submissions were reviewed for the remainder. No significant adverse information has been revealed to date except as noted below."

Contracts for Professional Development services of questionable value 

Items #7, 8, 9, 10, 17 and 24: There are many Professional Development contracts aligned to the Common Core of uncertain value, especially as the state has said the standards are in the process of being revised.

# 17 describes a retroactive contract for over $1M to provide training for Renewal schools, in the form of “Math Solutions”, a program owned by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. HMH is suspected of involvement in a kickback scheme in Detroit and  possibly Chicago; see Chicago Sun TimesNPR and Detroit Free Press. Excerpt from the link above: 

FBI agent Joseph Jensen wrote that there was "probable cause" to believe that Byrd-Bennett committed fraud, theft and conspiracy while she worked for DPS. He said emails showed Byrd-Bennett had conversations — many using her personal email account — that referenced the contract eventually awarded to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt weeks before the district even began seeking requests for proposals. Jensen also noted that the book company deposited $26,530.26 in Byrd-Bennett's money market account on July 20, 2009.
'This is an unusual financial transaction that occurred approximately three weeks before the (request for a proposal) was issued,' Jensen wrote.

Other emails showed that Byrd-Bennett had an active relationship with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt while she was employed with the district.
The documents also show authorities suspected two longtime Byrd-Bennett aides and an executive at the book publisher of helping her 'fraudulently steer' the nearly $40 million contract to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt."

Especially when so many Renewal schools feature huge class sizes, it is difficult to rationalize expensive PD contracts with companies suspected of fraud.

See also item #24: Advanced Placement training to cost more than $1M per year for two years, without specifying how many students/teachers this will reach. Much of the services provided will be online at minimal cost to the provider. Half of the cost is for a two week summer program for students -- how many will enroll? Can the DOE provide estimates?

Contracts for E-Rate Monitors and Audits 

Items #15 and 16: Contracts to pay for E-rate compliance audits and independent compliance monitors, totally nearly $1 million per year, for two years, extendable for two more years. The federal e-rate consent decree with the DOE issued Dec. 23, 2015 requires strict oversight mechanisms, as a result of the Lanham scandal, in which millions were fraudulently charged to DOE and thus to the federal government for internet wiring. 

Among other things, it says that the feds will require "Certification by NYC DOE that no person or entity with any affiliation with Lanham is currently serving, or will serve, as E-rate Program Personnel and by NYC DOE’s vendors, consultants, contractors and service providers that no employee or contractor has any affiliation with Lanham."

And: "For purposes of Subparagraph 3(c) an “affiliation” means a situation in which a person, organization, or other entity is associated with Lanham or Lanham Enterprises as an employee, employer, subordinate, subsidiary, consultant, contractor, subcontractor, member, agent, supplier, or partner, or in any comparable capacity, or has been so associated at any time since five years prior to the Effective Date, except that no E-rate Program Personnel has an affiliation with Lanham or Lanham Enterprises merely as a result of Lanham’s prior status as a consultant to NYC DOE."

It was recently revealed that the DOE still has several ongoing contracts with CCS- Custom Computer Specialists, many of them awarded after the Special Investigator's report was released in 2011, linking that company with Lanham in defrauding the city.

As the Special Investigator's report also disclosed, Lanham was involved in a real-estate company with the CEO of CCS – Gregory Galdi, who is still CEO of the company: " Lanham and the Owner of CCS engaged in a real estate venture together called “G & R Scuttlehole,” located in Bridgehampton, New York.  As Juan Gonzalez later reported:

Lanham had especially close ties to Custom Computer’s chief executive Gregory Galdi. In June 2008, six months before Lanham was fired from his DOE consulting job, he and Galdi registered a new limited-liability company, G&R Scuttlehole Road LLC, with the New York secretary of state. They listed their firm’s location at the same address as Custom Computer’s headquarters in Long Island.  It’s not clear what kind of business the firm conducted, and Galdi did not return calls. State records show it was dissolved in 2011, a few months after federal agents arrested Lanham.

Unanswered questions re Amplify contract

#24: DOE proposes a contract for $650K per year for seven years with Amplify to provide the Core Knowledge curriculum. The RA states the following: “Amplify has previously provided these materials to multiple DOE sites without a contract.  The estimated contract amount is based on previous non-contracted expenditures and FY 2016 estimates…”

How were these curricular materials supplied without a contract previously, and what cost? What are the “previous non-contracted expenditures and FY 2016 estimates?  According to the NY Times, $2.4 million was spent by the Fund for Public Schools starting in 2008-9 to provide the Core Knowledge materials in ten public schools. 

Yet a blog post from 2013 quotes E.D. Hirsch, the author of the Core Knowledge, who insists that all the curricular materials for grades K-3 are now available for free on the CK website for grades K-3. He added that “The only way Amplify can make money from CK Pre-K-through 3 is if a school or district doesn’t want to bother with printing, and therefore orders from them. But this also means that Amplify would need to offer the materials at an attractive price."

In fact, the NY State Education Department paid Core Knowledge to make the program available throughout the state for preK- 2nd grades for free, as part of their $36.6 million Race to the Top grant. The Core Knowledge website now provides comprehensive materials on its website for grades preK-5 for free. As the website explains:

The comprehensive CKLA program for P–3 is now available for free download. Two units for grades 4–5 are now available and additional units will be added during the 2014–15 school year.
Currently, the complete program is available for P–3. Although grades 4 and 5 are still in development, two units in each grade are currently available. Four to six additional grades 4–5 units will be added to the Download Manager by the summer of 2015.
Although materials are downloadable for free, there are costs associated with printing the materials. The volume of program materials may exceed the capability of home or school printers. It is recommended that a school or district work with a professional print shop for printing. Printers may discount pricing based on volume, so schools and districts should thoughtfully consider how they might consolidate their needs to leverage the best pricing available. 
For schools that prefer to purchase printed, packaged materials, CKLA Preschool kits (including trade books) and student activity books are available from the Foundation. Visit our bookstore for details. Printed, packaged kits for K–5 are being produced by Amplify Education, Inc. through a licensing agreement with the Core Knowledge Foundation. For more information about pricing and availability, visit Amplify’s website.

How many NYC schools will be supplied with this curriculum now, at what cost per student, compared to downloading these materials for free?  

Answers to these questions are especially important as Joel Klein was previously the NYC Chancellor before becoming the CEO of Amplify. Though the DOE states that Amplify has now informed them that Joel Klein is no longer an employee, an investor or a Board member, “he may serve as an advisor” and thus may still reap financial benefits from this contract.


Contract with the UFT to provide Common Core training

#26: A separate PD contract with the UFT Foundation for $1.55 million per year to provide training on the Common Core learning standards through the UFT Teacher Centers, apparently funded by the state, is also retroactive from July 2015, for reasons hard to understand: 

“This contract is retroactive because the UFT received an additional grant (SIG6) which was allocated December 2015 to fund three staff members who had to remain under the Teacher Center grant funding until the SIG 6 funds were received.  Consequently the UFT could not finalize the FY16 scope of work until the final available amount that could be used toward the contract for FY 16 was determined.”

This explanation is confusing; why couldn’t the scope of work under the original grant be determined before the additional federal SIG funds were received?

Also confusing is that nearly $975K of the grant is going to OTPS, including furniture, computers, rental, travel, expenses, printing, advertising, consultants, and other general office expenses – compared to $575K for compensation and salaries for Teacher Center personnel, who would be expected to be doing much of the training. It would be helpful to see a more detailed breakdown of expenses. Why would the purchase of furniture be needed to train teachers in the Common Core?




Sunday, April 24, 2016

The city's use of a non-profit to pay irresponsible preK vendors and get around the procurement rules



Sue Edelman of the NY Post reports on how the Mayor’s office asked a city-related nonprofit called the Fund for the City of NY to cover the costs of preK providers who had evaded taxes, engaged in fraud, failed to hire sufficient qualified staff and/or exhibited other unspecified problems.
Now the DoE is asking the NYC Comptroller to retroactively approve these contracts so the city can reimburse the Fund  to the tune of $1.36 million, in an apparent end run around the  procurement rules.
What the story doesn't mention is that the DoE continues to ask the Panel for Educational Policy to approve payments to preK and/or Special Education providers before background checks are complete- and to approve contracts with vendors where investigations have already revealed serious issues in the past.
This behavior is of questionable legality and risks taxpayer funds and kids' lives.
More details about the problems with these preK vendors  is revealed in the Addendum of this month’s RA's.  Patrick Sullivan and I, on behalf of our Citizens Contract Oversight Committee, highlighted these in our comments sent to the PEP before the vote, as well as other unresolved questions, pertaining to the Amazon contract and special education vendors who were found to have spotty records.
In terms of the Amazon contract, we had pointed out that there was no cost-benefit analysis of how much it will cost to provide e-readers to hundreds of thousands students if they are to receive 30-40% of assigned readings digitally, as the DOE plans; no analysis of the risk to student privacy if teachers will now be able to track student behavior online; and no analysis of how Amazon may access to their digital profiles to engage in targeting advertising to students and enlarge the corporation's massive market share, which further enables their monopolistic and abusive practices, protested by publishers and authors.  Finally, there was no mention of the fact that numerous studies have shown that students who access their reading assignments through digital devices comprehend and retain significantly less.
In terms of the special education and preK contracts, there continues to be a troubling lack of care in the DOE’s practice of rushing these contracts through without sufficient information in advance, or even after background checks have shown them to have engaged in activities that would bar them from other city contracts.
Yet not one PEP member brought up any of these issues during this month’s Contract Committee meeting or during the PEP meeting itself.
I have been told that there are backroom discussions where PEP members privately air their concerns to DOE officials, but the public doesn't have the chance to hear the questions asked or the responses.  The private nature of these discussions sidesteps the open transparent process that is supposed to prevail for a governmental board, and deprives the public of their right to know.
Sue Edelman asked me if the contracting process was better or worse under Bloomberg.  I said that I thought it was about the same because a lot of rotten contracts were also approved during those years. 
Yet at least from 2007 onwards, when Patrick Sullivan served on the PEP as the representative of the Manhattan Borough President Scott Stringer, he consistently challenged the DOE’s decisions and forced officials to respond to questions in a public forum.
In 2009, as part of the effort made by the Legislature to improve accountability when Mayoral control was renewed, the PEP was given the authority to approve DOE contracts, because of all the abuses that had occurred as a result of corrupt and wasteful spending.  Patrick was frequently supported in his challenges by the Queens rep Dmytro Fedkowskyj, the Brooklyn rep Kelvin Diamond and the Bronx rep Monica Major.
Yet never did the PEP actually vote down a contract during the Bloomberg years, as it was controlled by the Mayoral supermajority and the Staten Island rep which together served as a reliable rubber stamp.  The Panel did retroactively rescind a contract awarded to the tutoring company Champion Learning Center, after the NYC comptroller's office had rejected it due to an ongoing federal investigation.
Neither has the PEP voted down a contract since de Blasio took office, to my knowledge. Even the outrageously inflated $635 million contract for Custom Computer Specialists was approved 10-1, though the company had previously engaged in a corrupt kickback scheme.  Only Robert Powell, the Bronx rep, voted against it. Luckily, this contract was so outrageous and the media attention so intense that City Hall rejected it after the PEP vote.
Patrick resigned from the PEP in 2013, as neither the new Manhattan BP nor the Mayor would re-appoint him, and Robert Powell recently left the PEP as well.
Even so, we remain intent on publicizing the flaws in these contracts and in the DOE’s procurement process because not a dollar should be wasted when hundreds of thousands of NYC children are still crammed into overcrowded schools with classes of 30 or more, with the city claiming they can’t afford to do anything to address these issues.

If you want to volunteer for our Citizens Contract Oversight Committee, or have a tip to share, please email us at NYCschoolcontractwatch@gmail.com  Thanks!

Tuesday, April 19, 2016

Comments on DOE Questionable Contracts and Fair Student Funding formula

Leonie Haimson and Patrick Sullivan of the Citizens Contracts Oversight Committee provided the following comments to the members of the Panel for Educational Policy about the proposed contracts to be voted on April 20, 2016. If you want to join our Overight committee, please email us at info@classsizematters.org. If you would like to send in your own comments, please do so tonight by the public comment deadline at 6:00 pm.


April 19, 2016
Dear Chancellor Farina and members of the Panel for Education Policy:
On behalf of Class Size Matters, the Citizens Contract Oversight Committee, and the Parent Coalition for Student Privacy, we have the following concerns about the proposed contracts and the Fair Student Funding formula to be voted on tomorrow night, April 20, 2016:
The Amazon contract
DOE proposes to pay $30 Million to Amazon over three years to provide digital textbooks and tradebooks. The ultimate plan, according to the RA, is to provide 29%-42% of all content online by Year 5 at a cost of up to $64.5 million.
·         Yet there is no cost/benefit analysis in the RA discussion of the proposed contract, including the huge cost of having to purchase tablets or laptops for all the students who will access their assigned readings through digital devices.  The contract also implies that some students will use “a school-provided device or a personal device to access their profile and content,” Yet latter which cannot be relied upon given the fact that many families cannot afford to supply a suitable e-reader for their children to use at home.
·         The RA also proposes that students will “request content for independent reading” via Amazon, which implies that the DOE will be steering students’ personal purchases to this provider, which will allow Amazon to further expand their market share.  Yet many authors and publishers have protested the way in which Amazon uses their dominance of the market to engage in  illegal monopolistic practices, which goes unmentioned in the RA.
·         The DOE omits any discussion of the growing research showing that reading comprehension and retention are significantly reduced with the use of digital devices compared to actual books.  Here's just one of several recent studies on this critical issue.

·         Finally there are the privacy concerns, which are insufficiently addressed in the RA:

“Despite this technology’s capacity for track and reporting student progress, students’ personal identifiable information will be safeguarded in this system, as Amazon will use a DOE-provided proxy with encrypted information and limited student information.”

It is unclear what “limited student information” is going to be included, but in any case, many parents are not just worried about potential breaches, but about teachers and administrators tracking students at school and at home, and what will be done with their personal data.

For more on some of the concerns with the Amazon contract, as yet unexplored by DOE, see today’s Wall Street Journal.


Contracts with Special Education providers

The DOE proposes to award contracts to pay seven special education vendors who have engaged in fraud in the past or who have failed to pay Workman’s compensation and thus are barred from public work contracts.  We strongly believe that any company that has engaged in fraud or failed to properly follow the law should be barred from future DOE contracts for at least five (5) years.

We are also concerned that the DOE admits that “background checks have not been completed for all vendors…Should noteworthy information become known to the DOE after the Panel meeting, it will be reported to the Panel.” 

No contract should be approved without a background check, and there is no point in reporting it to Panel members once negative information is found.  

The fact that the DOE would even consider proposing contracts for companies to provide services to special needs students, a highly vulnerable population, without conducting any background checks, only reaffirms our conviction that there is insufficient care and due diligence maintained by DOE officials to minimize risk to children, fraud and waste. 
More evidence of the insufficient care shown by DOE is shown below in the section below headed “Reimbursing the Fund for Public Schools for PreK vendors found “non-responsible”.
An article about these highly questionable special education contracts was published in yesterday’s Daily News here

Whole School Reform
DOE seeks funding for a vendor, Southern Regional Education Board, who has provided these services in the past and whose expertise with NYC schools has been previously questioned.  It is regrettable that the new proposed contract is presented without any accounting for how the vendor has performed in the past.
Pre-K providers
DOE continues the unacceptable practice of proposing to award many pre-K contracts without providing any information in advance on the vendors or their backgrounds and history (see items #3-5 on pages 49- 51 and #24-25 on pages 109-110,)  This again is risky and irresponsible.
Professional development contracts
We are concerned about the proliferation of professional development contracts.  This month there are seven PD contracts, items #7-11, #16 and #19, at a total cost of $14,697,447 or $8,050,447 annually.  Including these, there have been a total 36 PD contracts since October 2015, costing over $27 million annually, or $98 million over the course of these contracts. 

Nearly half of these contracts are proposed to provide training aligned to the Common Core standards, even though the State Education Department is now planning to revamp the standards. 

Retroactive contracts
DOE also continues its unacceptable practice of asking the PEP to approve retroactive contracts after the funds have already been presumably spent.  This month, there are nine proposed retroactive contracts: items #2, 16-20, 26-28.
Reimbursing Fund for Public Schools the City of New York for PreK vendors found “non-responsible”  [Update: wrote the wrong Fund here}
Serious concerns are prompted in the information found in the Addenda (page 132).  Many pre-K providers were approved by the PEP in July 2014, despite the fact that their background checks were not complete.
Three providers were subsequently found to have engaged in fraud or other illegal behavior, including B’Above Worldwide Institute, FootSteps Child Care Inc., and West Harlem Community Organization Inc.
Church Avenue Day Care did not file NYC corporate taxes for 2010-2014.  While this transgression would normally disqualify a vendor (categorize them as "non-responsible"), the DOE decided to pay the firm anyway with private funds raised by the Fund for the Public Schools City of New York.  The documents now make clear the firm hasn't corrected the issue.  But the DOE wants now to reimburse the Fund for Public Schools for its payments to this vendor.
The DOE also proposes to reimburse the Fund for Public Schools the City of NY for it payments to another preK vendor, Footsteps Childcare Inc. despite the fact that earlier audits from the NYS Comptroller had found this vendor had engaged in “systematic abuse of child care grants awarded by the NYS Office of Children and Family Services, including evidence that funds…had been misappropriated to defraud the State.”
A third vendor, B’Above Worldwide Institute, exhibited unspecified “performance and contract compliance issues” during the 2014-2015 school year.  Despite the fact that the vendor was offered the “opportunity to show cause why it should not be found non-responsible,” B’Above failed to do so.  Now the DOE wants to pay back the Fund for Public Schools the City of NY for the “bridge loan” that the Fund had provided the vendor.
Panel members should oppose these reimbursements.  Moreover, the DOE's practices of using a private fundraising entity to fund questionable vendors, presumably because they had been barred from receiving city funds, should immediately cease.
These examples provide more evidence of unacceptably sloppy and risky contracting practices on the part of DOE, and why no contract should be approved by the PEP for vendors whose background checks have not been completed.
Fair student funding
While in FY 2008, schools were provided with 100% on average of their Fair Student funding, this year the average is only at 89% and if the mayor’s proposed budget is adopted, next year this figure will rise to only 91% — reflecting a 9 percent cut to our schools since 2007.  Moreover, the Mayor’s proposed budget does not project any increase in Fair student funding in the out years.
In many cases, the overall use of the Fair student Funding formula has forced class sizes upwards, or forced principals to choose between retaining their experienced teachers or keeping class sizes at acceptable levels.  
In addition, as Class Size Matters discussed in testimony before the City Council last month, the specific formula being proposed is unsupported by logic or research.
·         The smallest amount of funding is allocated to students in grades K-5, where the investment in smaller classes has huge pay-offs in terms of increased student achievement. 
·         More funding on the level of 8 percent is allocated for students in grades 6-8, an additional 3 percent for high school students, and 40-50 percent additional funding for remedial services as a student falls behind, starting in 4th grade. 
·         Yet as many studies indicate, remediation is  far less effective than prevention,  which  ensures that students do not fall behind in the first place, especially in the form of smaller classes in Kindergarten through 3rd grade.
·         The FSF weights are far greater for special needs students if they are assigned to inclusion classes starting in Kindergarten, (with a weight of 2.09) and in grades 1-12 (with a weight of 1.74), though the class sizes in these ICT classes are generally far too large to provide students with the individual attention they need.
·         The failure of DOE’s inclusion program, caused in large part by the excessive class sizes of ICT classes, is something we hear constantly from parents of special needs students. 
·         This is further evidenced by the fact that since the fall of 2012, there have been sharp increases in the numbers of students recommended for special education services, as well as the number of students attending non-public schools at city expense, according to the Mayor’s Management report.
·         Total special education enrollment in grades K12 has increased by 25 percent in four years since the inclusion initiative began in earnest in 2012, at a huge expense to the city.  The increase in the number of students identified as having special needs is yet another indication of the hidden cost of rising class sizes, especially as class size reduction has been shown to significantly reduce the number of students identified as requiring special services.


Yours sincerely,

Leonie Haimson, Executive Director, Class Size Matters and co-chair, Parent Coalition for Student Privacy

Patrick Sullivan on behalf of the Citizens Contract Oversight Committee